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Hunting from Jefferson Parish

Avondale, Louisiana: public land within reach

Public hunting land measured from Avondale, the Deer Area and other Jefferson Parish rules, the nearest LDWF wildlife management area up close, legal light and the processors around town.

38,369 Nearby public acres
4 10-mile hunting areas
7 Within a 25-mile drive
9 Deer Area

Photo: Public ground 2.2 mi from Avondale: Barataria Preserve (Jean Lafitte). Marit & Toomas Hinnosaar (CC BY 2.0)

Out in the Florida Parishes and the southeast: Pearl River and Lake Maurepas swamps, the Lake Pontchartrain basin, Delta marsh and the pine flats north of Lake Pontchartrain, the community of Avondale belongs to Jefferson Parish. This page exists for Salvador WMA, whose boundary sits 3.1 miles from Avondale. The 2024 Census city and town estimates leave out Avondale, which is unincorporated. 4 listed areas come within 10 miles of Avondale, covering some 38,369 public acres. Measured as a straight line, Avondale lies nearest to Barataria Preserve (Jean Lafitte), whose edge lies 2.2 miles off. Twenty-five miles from Avondale takes in 7 listed areas, near 93,911 public acres once overlaps are removed. LDWF, federal and Corps polygons cover about 17,382 acres of Jefferson Parish, with 17,382 acres of Barataria Preserve among them.

4 WMA land
2 Federal land
1 Corps of Engineers
Hammond Wildlife office

Town point and land area from the Census 2024 Gazetteer; public acreage and boundary miles within 10 and 25 miles are a GIS measure over the LDWF WMA layer and USFS, USFWS, Corps and NPS boundaries (places.json; area counts are within 25 miles). LDWF field office from the LDWF Contact Us page. Checked November 4, 2026.

Nearby

Places to hunt and shoot around Avondale

Timken Wildlife Management Area

Public land · 6 mi from Avondale

Directions
Barataria Preserve (Jean Lafitte)

Public land · 8 mi from Avondale

Directions
Shooting Ranges Near Kenner

Range · 8 mi from Avondale

Directions
Hunting Near Kenner, Louisiana

Town · 8 mi from Avondale

Directions
Salvador Wildlife Management Area

Public land · 9 mi from Avondale

Directions
Salvador/Timken Wildlife Management Area

Public land · 9 mi from Avondale

Directions

Public ground around Avondale, ranked

Rows run by nearest boundary, then by miles to the mapped centre; each land page carries the schedule, contacts and zones.

NameHow farLand typeManagerWhat it takesSize (ac)Notes
Barataria Preserve (Jean Lafitte)2.2 mi SENPS preserveNPSNPS permit22,200–
Salvador WMA focus3.1 mi SWWMA unitLDWFWMA permits36,447–
Timken WMA5.4 mi SWMA unitLDWFWMA permits2,867–
Salvador/Timken WMA8.8 mi SWWMALDWFWMA permits––
Bonnet Carre Spillway (Corps)14 mi NWCorps landCorpsUSACE permit7,623–
Maurepas Swamp WMA18 mi NWWMALDWFWMA permits112,615Parish lists differ
Bayou Sauvage Urban NWR19 mi NEWildlife refugeUSFWSRefuge hunt areas27,460–
Manchac WMA27 mi NWMALDWFWMA permits8,328–
Lake Boeuf WMA28 mi WWMALDWFWMA permits800–
Big Branch Marsh NWR31 mi NEWildlife refugeUSFWSRefuge hunt areas18,928–
Joyce WMA34 mi NWMALDWFWMA permits42,292Acreage varies
Pointe-aux-Chenes WMA34 mi SWWMALDWFWMA permits33,488Lottery hunts
Biloxi WMA41 mi EWMALDWFWMA permits35,644–
Pearl River WMA42 mi NEWMALDWFWMA permits35,619Lottery hunts

For elbow room, Maurepas Swamp WMA stands out near Avondale with 112,615 acres. Within 25 miles there are 4 LDWF-managed areas, 2 federal areas and 1 Corps of Engineers area. Salvador WMA is LDWF ground: check in and out on the Self-Clearing Permit, by app or at the station, and carry a WMA Access Permit if you are 18 or older. Bayou Sauvage Urban NWR opens only its designated hunt areas, under Louisiana seasons plus its own conditions in 50 CFR 32.37. The Corps asks every Bonnet Carre Spillway (Corps) hunter for a signed permit on top of Louisiana licenses. Barataria Preserve (Jean Lafitte) is hunted by free NPS permit only, issued by the park on posted days.

Nearest Avondale public areas, briefly

  • Barataria Preserve (Jean Lafitte): 22,200 acres; in Jefferson; open for deer, squirrel, rabbit, waterfowl, feral hog
  • Salvador WMA: 36,447 acres; located in St. Charles; seasons for deer, waterfowl, feral hog, squirrel, rabbit
  • Timken WMA: 2,867 acres; in St. Charles; open for deer, waterfowl, feral hog, squirrel, rabbit
  • Salvador/Timken WMA: spans St. Charles; seasons for deer, waterfowl, feral hog, squirrel, rabbit (LDWF map)
  • Bonnet Carre Spillway (Corps): 7,623 acres; in St. Charles; hunted for deer, waterfowl, squirrel, rabbit, feral hog
  • Maurepas Swamp WMA: 112,615 acres; spans Ascension, Livingston, St. James, St. John the Baptist; seasons for deer, waterfowl, squirrel, rabbit; 2024 managed hunts took 44 (WMA map)

Lands from LDWF area pages and the 2026-2027 Louisiana Hunting and WMA Regulations, 50 CFR 32.37, USFS, NPS and Corps records (lands.json; each land page cites its own source); 2024 managed-hunt deer from the LDWF deer report 2024-25. Boundary miles from places.json, other miles to each mapped centre. WMA permits from the LDWF license list and WMA rules. Checked November 4, 2026.

Avondale hunters and Salvador/Timken WMA

For Avondale, the nearest wildlife management area with a printed schedule is Salvador/Timken WMA, about 8.8 miles away. LDWF sums it up: "Salvador WMA is located along the northwestern shore of Lake Salvador." For game, the page says "Available game species include waterfowl, deer, rabbit, squirrel, rails, gallinules, and snipe." Rule worth reading first: "Permits available at Pier 90, Bayou Gauche, Bayou Segnette State Park landings, and at Airboat Adventures in Lafitte or through the LDWF Self-clearing Permit app or internet/web portal."

SeasonWhat LDWF prints
Deer Archery (either-sex)Nov 1-Jan 31
Deer Youth (either-sex)Oct 3-4, 10-11, 17-18 & 24-25
Deer Firearms (either-sex)Nov 20-22
Deer Firearms (bucks only)Nov 23-Dec 20
Deer Primitive Firearms (either-sex)Dec 21-27
WaterfowlSame as outside, EXCEPT CLOSED after 12 noon.
Small GameSame as outside EXCEPT CLOSED October through December. Beagles allowed for rabbits Jan 1-Feb 28.
Feral HogsMay be taken by properly licensed hunters from Oct 1-Feb 28. In addition, hunters may hunt feral hogs with archery equipment, shotguns …

From the LDWF area page and the 2026-2027 Louisiana Hunting and WMA Regulations; managed-hunt deer from the LDWF deer report 2024-25. Checked November 4, 2026.

Zones that apply to Avondale hunters

Private-land seasons in Louisiana follow Deer Areas, Turkey Areas, Bear Areas and bird zones; WMAs and federal land print their own schedules.

ParishDeer Area(s)Deer capTurkey areaBearDuck zoneDove zoneCWDGator zone
Jefferson Parish this parish96 (3/4)Closed1,7West and EastSouth–H
St. Charles Parish96 (3/4)Closed1,7West and EastSouth–H
Ascension Parish96 (3/4)Area C1,7EastSouth–G
Livingston Parish9,46 (3/4); 4 (2/2)Area A7EastNorth/South–G
St. James Parish96 (3/4)Closed1,7EastSouth–F

Private-land deer hunting in Jefferson Parish runs on the Deer Area 9 calendar. (Deer Area 9; deer map.) Gun deer season in Deer Area 9 begins November 21, 2026 and archery closes February 15, 2027. Youths and honorably discharged veterans hunt private land in Deer Area 9 from October 31 to November 6. The area sets the season count: Area 9: 6 deer, no more than 3 antlered or 4 antlerless. Jefferson Parish is one of the 16 parishes closed to turkey hunting on private land. The new lottery bear season covers Jefferson Parish through Bear Area 1 and Bear Area 7, December 5 to 20. (Bear Area 1, Bear Area 7) Duck season near Avondale uses the West and East zone calendar (West zone November 14 to December 6 and December 19 to January 24; East zone November 21 to December 6 and December 19 to January 31). Dove segments for Jefferson Parish: South: September 5-20, October 17-November 29, December 12-January 10. The new recreational alligator lottery placed Jefferson Parish in Zone H (400 opportunities).

Deer Areas, limits and dates from the 2026-2027 Louisiana Hunting and WMA Regulations (LDWF map); GIS shares from the LDWF DeerManagementAreas layer; turkey from LDWF, bear from LDWF, ducks and doves from LDWF, CWD from LDWF, alligator zones from LDWF. Checked November 4, 2026.

Jefferson Parish deer and turkey records

Jefferson Parish is not in either LDWF top-20 parish deer table (2022-23 or 2024-25), and LDWF prints no full parish list.

Deer from the LDWF deer report 2024-25 and 2022-23; turkey from the LDWF 2026 turkey report (map figure); CWD from LDWF. Checked November 4, 2026.

Seasons open near Avondale

Bear permits, turkey areas, duck zones and dove zones each cover only part of Louisiana, so read the area column to see which rows apply in Jefferson Parish.

GameSegmentAreaOpensClosesToday
White-tailed deerArcheryArea 9Oct 1, 2026Oct 15, 2026
White-tailed deerArcheryArea 9Oct 16, 2026Feb 15, 2027
White-tailed deerYouth and veteransArea 9Oct 31, 2026Nov 6, 2026
White-tailed deerPrimitive FirearmsArea 9Nov 14, 2026Nov 20, 2026
White-tailed deerStill-hunt firearmsArea 9Nov 21, 2026Nov 22, 2026
White-tailed deerStill-hunt firearmsArea 9Nov 23, 2026Nov 26, 2026
White-tailed deerStill-hunt firearmsArea 9Nov 27, 2026Nov 29, 2026
White-tailed deerStill-hunt firearmsArea 9Nov 30, 2026Dec 11, 2026
White-tailed deerFirearms, dogs allowedArea 9Dec 12, 2026Dec 13, 2026
White-tailed deerFirearms, dogs allowedArea 9Dec 14, 2026Dec 18, 2026
White-tailed deerFirearms, dogs allowedArea 9Dec 19, 2026Dec 20, 2026
White-tailed deerFirearms, dogs allowedArea 9Dec 21, 2026Jan 24, 2027
White-tailed deerPrimitive FirearmsArea 9Jan 25, 2027Jan 31, 2027
White-tailed deerChallenged huntersStatewideOct 3, 2026Oct 4, 2026
Black bearLottery permit huntBear Area 1Dec 5, 2026Dec 20, 2026
Black bearLottery permit huntBear Area 7Dec 5, 2026Dec 20, 2026
Feral hogsNight take, private landPrivate landJul 1, 2026Jun 30, 2027
Feral hogsYear-round, daylightStatewideJul 1, 2026Jun 30, 2027
AlligatorRecreational lotteryZones A-HOct 1, 2026Oct 31, 2026
SquirrelsYouth (private lands only)StatewideSep 26, 2026Sep 27, 2026
SquirrelsFallStatewideOct 3, 2026Feb 28, 2027
SquirrelsSpringStatewideMay 1, 2027May 23, 2027
RabbitsSeasonStatewideOct 3, 2026Feb 28, 2027
QuailSeasonStatewideNov 21, 2026Feb 28, 2027
PheasantSeasonStatewideNov 21, 2026Feb 28, 2027
DovesSegment 1South zoneSep 5, 2026Sep 20, 2026
DovesSegment 2South zoneOct 17, 2026Nov 29, 2026
DovesSegment 3South zoneDec 12, 2026Jan 10, 2027
TealSeptember tealStatewideSep 19, 2026Sep 27, 2026
Whistling ducksSpecial seasonStatewideOct 3, 2026Oct 11, 2026
Ducks and cootsYouth and veteran dayEast zoneNov 14, 2026Nov 14, 2026
Ducks and cootsSplit 1East zoneNov 21, 2026Dec 6, 2026
Ducks and cootsSplit 2East zoneDec 19, 2026Jan 31, 2027
Ducks and cootsYouth and veteran dayEast zoneFeb 6, 2027Feb 6, 2027
Ducks and cootsYouth and veteran dayWest zoneNov 7, 2026Nov 7, 2026
Ducks and cootsSplit 1West zoneNov 14, 2026Dec 6, 2026
Ducks and cootsSplit 2West zoneDec 19, 2026Jan 24, 2027
Ducks and cootsYouth and veteran dayWest zoneJan 30, 2027Jan 30, 2027
Snow and blue geeseRegular seasonEast zoneNov 14, 2026Dec 6, 2026
Snow and blue geeseConservation OrderEast zoneDec 7, 2026Dec 18, 2026
Snow and blue geeseRegular seasonEast zoneDec 19, 2026Feb 7, 2027
Snow and blue geeseConservation OrderEast zoneFeb 8, 2027Mar 7, 2027
Snow and blue geeseRegular seasonWest zoneNov 14, 2026Dec 6, 2026
Snow and blue geeseConservation OrderWest zoneDec 7, 2026Dec 18, 2026
Snow and blue geeseRegular seasonWest zoneDec 19, 2026Feb 7, 2027
Snow and blue geeseConservation OrderWest zoneFeb 8, 2027Mar 7, 2027
SpecklebelliesRegular seasonEast zoneNov 14, 2026Dec 6, 2026
SpecklebelliesRegular seasonEast zoneDec 19, 2026Feb 7, 2027
SpecklebelliesRegular seasonWest zoneNov 14, 2026Dec 6, 2026
SpecklebelliesRegular seasonWest zoneDec 19, 2026Feb 7, 2027
Canada geeseRegular seasonEast zoneNov 14, 2026Dec 6, 2026
Canada geeseRegular seasonEast zoneDec 19, 2026Feb 7, 2027
Canada geeseRegular seasonWest zoneNov 14, 2026Dec 6, 2026
Canada geeseRegular seasonWest zoneDec 19, 2026Feb 7, 2027
King and clapper railsSeasonStatewideSep 19, 2026Sep 27, 2026
King and clapper railsSeasonStatewideNov 7, 2026Jan 6, 2027
Sora and Virginia railsSeasonStatewideSep 19, 2026Sep 27, 2026
Sora and Virginia railsSeasonStatewideNov 7, 2026Jan 6, 2027
GallinulesSeasonStatewideSep 19, 2026Sep 27, 2026
GallinulesSeasonStatewideNov 7, 2026Jan 6, 2027
SnipeSeasonStatewideOct 31, 2026Jan 10, 2027
SnipeSeasonStatewideJan 25, 2027Feb 28, 2027
WoodcockSeasonStatewideDec 18, 2026Jan 31, 2027
CrowsSeasonStatewideSep 1, 2026Jan 1, 2027
CoyoteYear-round, daylightStatewideJul 1, 2026Jun 30, 2027
ArmadilloYear-round, daylightStatewideJul 1, 2026Jun 30, 2027
NutriaRecreational huntingPrivate landSep 1, 2026Feb 28, 2027
BobcatYear-round huntingStatewideJul 1, 2026Jun 30, 2027
RaccoonYear-round, day and nightStatewideJul 1, 2026Jun 30, 2027
OpossumYear-round, day and nightStatewideJul 1, 2026Jun 30, 2027
Foxes (chase)Chase only (hunting)StatewideJul 1, 2026Jun 30, 2027

Waterfowl on WMAs and public lands ends at noon this season.

From the LDWF seasons and regulations and the 2026-2027 Louisiana Hunting and WMA Regulations (Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries), checked November 4, 2026.

Enforcement agents and LDWF staff near Avondale

LDWF keeps its closest office to Avondale in New Orleans (2045 Lakeshore Drive). LDWF serves Jefferson Parish from Hammond, at 42371 Phyllis Ann Drive. Enforcement Region 8 (New Orleans) covers Jefferson Parish under Captain Tim Fox.

LDWF office, New Orleans

12 mi NE

2045 Lakeshore Drive, New Orleans, LA 70122

(504) 284-2023

LDWF in Thibodaux

40 mi W

1444 Tiger Dr., Suite F, Thibodaux, LA 70301

(985) 447-0821

Offices and field office parish lists from the LDWF Contact Us page, enforcement regions and captains from LDWF local law enforcement contacts (counties.json, services.json). Checked November 4, 2026.

Avondale processors and gun shops

Deer processors come from the LDWF processor map layer, the Hunters for the Hungry list and directory listings; preserves partly from the LDWF preserve list. Donated deer from Avondale can go to Badeaux Wild Game Processing (4.4 mi), on the Hunters for the Hungry list. The taxidermist listing nearest Avondale is Duhon's Taxidermy, based in Westwego. Short on shells? Elliots Small Arms in New Orleans is 4.9 mi away. Our 35-mile search from Avondale turns up 3 processors.

Kind15 mi35 miClosest listingDistanceIn
Venison cutting23Badeaux Wild Game Processing4.4 mi EMarrero
Taxidermists12Duhon's Taxidermy3.5 mi EWestwego
Hunting retailers1624Elliots Small Arms4.9 mi NENew Orleans
Guides00Wing Hollow40 mi NCovington

Venison cutting

Badeaux Wild Game Processing

Deer processor, Hunters for the Hungry · Marrero, Jefferson Parish · about 4 mi away

Pat Givenco's Deer Depot

Deer processor, Hunters for the Hungry · St Rose, St. Charles Parish · about 8 mi away

Ken's Deer Butcher Shop

Deer processor · Raceland, Lafourche Parish · about 29 mi away

Taxidermists

Duhon's Taxidermy

Taxidermist · Westwego, Jefferson Parish · about 3 mi away

Josh Brockhoeft Taxidermy

Taxidermist · Mandeville, St. Tammany Parish · about 32 mi away

Hunt's Trophy Taxidermy

Taxidermist · Madisonville, St. Tammany Parish · about 37 mi away

Hunting retailers

Elliots Small Arms

Gun shop · New Orleans, Jefferson Parish · about 5 mi away

Gators and Guns

Gun shop · New Orleans, Orleans Parish · about 5 mi away

Jefferson Gun Outlet

Gun shop · Metairie, Jefferson Parish · about 5 mi away

Guides

Wing Hollow

Guide service · Covington, St. Tammany Parish · about 40 mi away

HuntNLA Duck Hunting and Lodging

Guide service · Buras, Plaquemines Parish · about 62 mi away

Processors from the LDWF deer processor and Hunters for the Hungry map layers, the Hunters for the Hungry list and Yellow Pages; preserves from the LDWF preserve list and Yellow Pages; taxidermists and shops from Yellow Pages and store locators (services.json). Listings without coordinates are placed at their town. Checked November 4, 2026; hours were not checked.

Dates within reach of Avondale

Counted inside about 30 miles on November 3, 2026: 3 dates still ahead, namely DU banquet.

Coming soon

DateTitleHow farLocationSign-up or detailsPage
Nov 4, 2026Jefferson Parish Banquet – Metairie · DU banquet7
The Ridgeway of Old Metairie
Buy tickets
doors 6 p.m.
Source, checked 11/3/2026
Dec 10, 2026St. Charles Ducks Unlimited 2026 Christmas Party and Bourbon Raffle · DU banquet, Hahnville14
LeVenue St Charles
Hahnville
Buy tickets
doors 5:30 p.m.
Source, checked 11/3/2026
Mar 11, 2027Jesuit Ducks Unlimited Varsity Banquet – South Port Hall – New Orelans · DU banquet, New Orleans29
Southport Hall
New Orleans
Buy tickets
doors 6 p.m.
Source, checked 11/3/2026

Seen a flyer for something close by? Tell us

Avondale shooters: the three nearest ranges

Nearest to Avondale is Jefferson Gun Outlet & Indoor Range (5 miles), followed by two others.

Jefferson Gun Outlet &
Indoor Range
indoor range

Metairie, Jefferson Parish · 5 mi

Lines: rifle, handgun, rimfire, archery, action pistol

Members only · boisegunclub.com, checked Nov 3, 2026

Bayou Dragon Guns and
Indoor Ranges
indoor range

Marrero, Jefferson Parish · 11 mi

Access not stated · boisegunclub.com, checked Nov 3, 2026

Neutral Ground Gun Company
outdoor range

Arabi, St.⁠ Bernard Parish · 12 mi

Lines: handgun, shotgun, rifle

Access not stated · gunranges.org, checked Nov 3, 2026

With the WMA Access Permit, Avondale shooters can use Pearl River-Honey Island Shooting Range, 46 miles away. Hours

Straight-line miles from the town centre; ranges checked November 4, 2026.

Avondale legal shooting light

On wildlife management areas and other public land, waterfowl hunting ends at noon this season (Atchafalaya Delta and Pass-a-Loutre excepted).

DateWhy it mattersSunriseSunsetDeer windowDuck window
Oct 1, 2026Area 9 archery opens6:52 a.m.6:47 p.m.6:22 a.m.–7:17 p.m.6:22 a.m.–6:47 p.m.
Nov 14, 2026West zone ducks open6:23 a.m.5:06 p.m.5:53 a.m.–5:36 p.m.5:53 a.m.–5:06 p.m.
Nov 21, 2026Area 9 gun opens6:29 a.m.5:04 p.m.5:59 a.m.–5:34 p.m.5:59 a.m.–5:04 p.m.
Dec 5, 2026Bear lottery hunt opens6:40 a.m.5:02 p.m.6:10 a.m.–5:32 p.m.6:10 a.m.–5:02 p.m.
Dec 12, 2026Area 9 dog season6:45 a.m.5:03 p.m.6:15 a.m.–5:33 p.m.6:15 a.m.–5:03 p.m.
Dec 21, 2026Shortest day6:50 a.m.5:06 p.m.6:20 a.m.–5:36 p.m.6:20 a.m.–5:06 p.m.

The light goose conservation order runs to half an hour after sunset.

Hours rules from the 2026-2027 Louisiana Hunting and WMA Regulations and La. R.S. 56:116.1; sunrise and sunset worked out for this location with the NOAA solar formula (Central Time); checked November 4, 2026. Legal hours for every parish.

Asked about Avondale

What public land can Avondale hunters reach fastest?

Going by straight-line miles, Barataria Preserve (Jean Lafitte), whose edge lies 2.2 miles off. Next comes Salvador WMA, whose edge lies 3.1 miles off.

How many hunting areas are in the 10-mile ring of Avondale?

4 areas, together about 38,369 acres.

Is Jefferson Parish split between Deer Areas?

No, the pamphlet lists it in Deer Area 9.

When is the rifle opener for deer near Avondale?

November 21, 2026, in Deer Area 9, on private land.

Is there a daily sign-in on WMAs near Avondale?

Yes. The free Self-Clearing Permit is filled out before and after each visit, at the station or in the LDWF WMA app.

Is turkey hunting open in Jefferson Parish?

No; it is one of the 16 closed parishes.

Can I hunt ducks after noon on a WMA near Avondale?

No. This season, WMAs and public lands close to waterfowl at noon, apart from Atchafalaya Delta and Pass-a-Loutre.

How many bear permits cover Jefferson Parish?

Area 1: 8 permits (5 landowner, 3 general); Area 7: 2 general permits.

Do bowhunters on WMAs near Avondale wear orange in gun season?

Yes. On WMAs archers and small game hunters also show 400 square inches and an orange or pink cap during firearm deer dates.

How is a deer from Avondale reported to LDWF?

Tag it before moving it, then validate within 72 hours by text, on LouisianaOutdoors.com or by phone.

Can I find a deer processor near Avondale?

Yes: Badeaux Wild Game Processing (Marrero), roughly 4.4 mi.

What enforcement region is Jefferson Parish in?

Region 8, run from New Orleans.

Are there other base towns a short drive from Avondale?

Yes: Estelle, Kenner, Gretna and Luling.

Answers from places.json, lands.json, counties.json, services.json and the 2026-2027 Louisiana Hunting and WMA Regulations; tagging from LDWF, hunter orange from LDWF, baiting from LDWF, WMA permits from the LDWF license list, CWD from LDWF. Checked November 4, 2026.

Avondale trip checklist

Before leaving Avondale, confirm the parish and Deer Area of the land you picked and whether it needs a WMA permit, a refuge permit or a Corps permit.

Other photos on this page: Marit & Toomas Hinnosaar (CC BY 2.0); Nick Shields (CC BY 2.0); Iryna Kuchma (CC BY 2.0); Megan Romer (CC BY 2.0); NatalieMaynor (CC BY 2.0); Jenni (CC BY-SA 2.0); Louisiana Sea Grant College Program Louisiana State University (CC BY 2.0); Nick Shields (CC BY 2.0).