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U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service

Wisconsin Waterfowl Production Areas

103 federal waterfowl production areas in two districts: 57 in the Leopold Wetland Management District across southeast and central Wisconsin and 46 in the St. Croix district in the west.

105Properties
43,987Acres on file
105Mapped

Photo: USFWS Headquarters (CC BY 2.0)

Wisconsin Waterfowl Production Areas in numbers

Two districts, one set of daily-removal rules.

105Properties
43,987Acres on file
105With species list
0With closures
Leopold Wetland Management DistrictLargest

The realty layer names 60 Leopold units and 48 St. Croix units; the St. Croix district says 42 WPAs open to public hunting, 7,980 acres. Blue Wing and Wilcox WPAs are closed to all hunting.

WPAs open for ducks, geese, upland birds and deer under Wisconsin seasons. Boats, decoys, blinds, stands and cameras come out at the end of every day, and gun-season ground blinds in the Leopold district show 144 square inches of orange or pink.

Counted by DNR region, the WPAs split South Central 35, West Central 33, Northern 15, Northeast 13 and Southeast 9. Biggest WPAs by acreage: Leopold Wetland Management District (13,500 acres), St. Croix Wetland Management District (7,980 acres), Uihlein Waterfowl Production Area (2,436 acres), Baraboo River Waterfowl Production Area (950 acres) and Schoeneberg Marsh Waterfowl Production Area (735 acres).

The Northwoods (Northern): 15 WPAs, the largest Plum Brush Waterfowl Production Area at 155 acres, most of them in Polk County. Northeast Wisconsin (Northeast): 13 WPAs, the largest Uihlein Waterfowl Production Area at 2,436 acres, most of them in Fond du Lac County. West-central Wisconsin (West Central): 33 WPAs, the largest St. Croix Wetland Management District at 7,980 acres, most of them in St. Croix County. South-central Wisconsin (South Central): 35 WPAs, the largest Leopold Wetland Management District at 13,500 acres, most of them in Columbia County. Southeast Wisconsin (Southeast): 9 WPAs, the largest Kettle Moraine Waterfowl Production Area at 303 acres, most of them in Ozaukee County.

All 105 waterfowl production areas

PropertyTypeCountyAcresDeer zoneDMUNotesDistrict
Leopold Wetland Management DistrictWetland districtColumbia, Winnebago…13,500Southern Farmland / Central FarmlandColumbia, Winnebago——
St. Croix Wetland
Management District
Wetland districtSt. Croix, Polk…7,980Central FarmlandSt Croix, Polk——
AldenWPAPolk40Central FarmlandPolk—St. Croix
AndersonWPAColumbia125Southern FarmlandColumbia—Leopold
Baraboo RiverWPAColumbia950Southern FarmlandColumbia—Leopold
Bass LakeWPASt. Croix423Central FarmlandSt Croix—St. Croix
BataviaWPASheboygan228Central FarmlandSheboygan—Leopold
Becker LakeWPAColumbia152Southern FarmlandColumbia—Leopold
BeckerWPAColumbia357Southern FarmlandColumbia—Leopold
BelgiumWPAOzaukee153Southern FarmlandOzaukee—Leopold
BetterlyWPASt. Croix485Central FarmlandSt Croix—St. Croix
BeylWPAPolk126Central FarmlandPolk—St. Croix
BierbrauerWPASt. Croix, Polk275Central FarmlandSt Croix, Polk—St. Croix
BoeWPAPolk48Central FarmlandPolk—St. Croix
BoltonvilleWPASheboygan182Central FarmlandSheboygan—Leopold
BreakneckWPAFond du Lac233Central FarmlandFond du Lac—Leopold
Cedar GroveWPAOzaukee114Southern FarmlandOzaukee—Leopold
ClappWPASt. Croix239Central FarmlandSt Croix—St. Croix
Clear LakeWPAPolk154Central FarmlandPolk—St. Croix
Cook's PondWPADunn140Central FarmlandDunn—St. Croix
Deer ParkWPASt. Croix351Central FarmlandSt Croix—St. Croix
DoylestownWPAColumbia54Southern FarmlandColumbia—Leopold
Duffy's MarshWPAMarquette182Central FarmlandMarquette—Leopold
EcksteinWPAWinnebago199Central FarmlandWinnebago—Leopold
EricksonWPASt. Croix476Central FarmlandSt Croix—St. Croix
Fairfield MarshWPASauk239Southern FarmlandSauk—Leopold
FarmingtonWPAPolk30Central FarmlandPolk—St. Croix
Gadwall SwampWPADane71Southern FarmlandDane—Leopold
Grass LakeWPADane53Southern FarmlandDane—Leopold
HammondWPASt. Croix26Central FarmlandSt Croix—St. Croix
HantenWPASt. Croix85Central FarmlandSt Croix—St. Croix
Harvey's MarshWPADane, Rock681Southern FarmlandDane, Rock—Leopold
Hinkson CreekWPAColumbia337Southern FarmlandColumbia—Leopold
Houghdahl – SouthWPAPolk59Central FarmlandPolk—St. Croix
Houghdahl-NorthWPAPolk92Central FarmlandPolk—St. Croix
Iron CreekWPADunn47Central FarmlandDunn—St. Croix
Island LakeWPADane245Southern FarmlandDane—Leopold
JacksonWPADane148Southern FarmlandDane—Leopold
JohnsonWPAJefferson43Southern FarmlandJefferson—Leopold
JohnstownWPARock131Southern FarmlandRock—Leopold
KeckWPAWinnebago70Central FarmlandWinnebago—Leopold
KerberWPASt. Croix156Central FarmlandSt Croix—St. Croix
Kettle MoraineWPASheboygan303Central FarmlandSheboygan—Leopold
KobernickWPAPolk135Central FarmlandPolk—St. Croix
KostkaWPASt. Croix350Central FarmlandSt Croix—St. Croix
LamartineWPAFond du Lac216Central FarmlandFond du Lac—Leopold
LucasWPAOzaukee41Southern FarmlandOzaukee—Leopold
LudwigWPAColumbia33Southern FarmlandColumbia—Leopold
LundWPARock175Southern FarmlandRock—Leopold
LundyWPASt. Croix132Central FarmlandSt Croix—St. Croix
MantheyWPAColumbia352Southern FarmlandColumbia—Leopold
MeadowlarkWPAPolk22Central FarmlandPolk—St. Croix
MuirWPAMarquette124Central FarmlandMarquette—Leopold
New ChesterWPAAdams343Central FarmlandAdams—Leopold
Northrup KingWPADane85Southern FarmlandDane—Leopold
Oak Ridge SouthWPASt. Croix71Central FarmlandSt Croix—St. Croix
Oak RidgeWPASt. Croix632Central FarmlandSt Croix—St. Croix
Oak Ridge Waterfowl
Production Area/Hanten
WPASt. Croix119Central FarmlandSt Croix—St. Croix
OakfieldWPAFond du Lac430Central FarmlandFond du Lac—Leopold
Parker CreekWPAPolk38Central FarmlandPolk—St. Croix
PieperWPADodge81Southern FarmlandDodge—Leopold
PietroskeWPAManitowoc120Central FarmlandManitowoc—Leopold
Plum BrushWPAPolk, St. Croix155Central FarmlandPolk, St Croix—St. Croix
Prairie Flats – NorthWPASt. Croix219Central FarmlandSt Croix—St. Croix
Prairie Flats – SouthWPASt. Croix501Central FarmlandSt Croix—St. Croix
Red Cedar LakeWPAJefferson165Southern FarmlandJefferson—Leopold
Red CedarWPADunn336Central FarmlandDunn—St. Croix
RisbergWPASt. Croix38Central FarmlandSt Croix—St. Croix
Robbins ShorebirdWPADodge132Southern FarmlandDodge—Leopold
Rock CreekWPADunn672Central FarmlandDunn—St. Croix
RockdaleWPAJefferson34Southern FarmlandJefferson—Leopold
Rose LeeWPAPolk149Central FarmlandPolk—St. Croix
RosendaleWPAFond du Lac207Central FarmlandFond du Lac—Leopold
RoweWPAColumbia334Southern FarmlandColumbia—Leopold
Schoeneberg MarshWPAColumbia735Southern FarmlandColumbia—Leopold
SchwengelWPAOzaukee302Southern FarmlandOzaukee—Leopold
SeversonWPAColumbia251Southern FarmlandColumbia—Leopold
Sheepskin MarshWPARock21Southern FarmlandRock—Leopold
Shovelers SinkWPADane171Southern FarmlandDane—Leopold
SimeWPADane79Southern FarmlandDane—Leopold
SomersetWPASt. Croix65Central FarmlandSt Croix—St. Croix
Spring MeadowsWPAPolk133Central FarmlandPolk—St. Croix
St. Croix PrairieWPASt. Croix141Central FarmlandSt Croix—St. Croix
Stanton PrairieWPASt. Croix353Central FarmlandSt Croix—St. Croix
Star PrairieWPASt. Croix312Central FarmlandSt Croix—St. Croix
SteffanWPAPolk46Central FarmlandPolk—St. Croix
StenaasWPADodge85Southern FarmlandDodge—Leopold
StrehlauWPADunn71Central FarmlandDunn—St. Croix
SuckutWPAPolk49Central FarmlandPolk—St. Croix
Swan PondWPADane240Southern FarmlandDane—Leopold
Ten MileWPASt. Croix516Central FarmlandSt Croix—St. Croix
Three LakesWPASt. Croix249Central FarmlandSt Croix—St. Croix
TrentonWPADodge514Southern FarmlandDodge—Leopold
Twelve PondsWPASt. Croix94Central FarmlandSt Croix—St. Croix
Two CreeksWPAManitowoc136Central FarmlandManitowoc—Leopold
UihleinWPAWinnebago2,436Central FarmlandWinnebago—Leopold
UlaoWPAOzaukee44Southern FarmlandOzaukee—Leopold
VangenWPAColumbia81Southern FarmlandColumbia—Leopold
ViennaWPADane39Southern FarmlandDane—Leopold
Waterfowl Production Area 1WPAMarquette89Central FarmlandMarquette—Leopold
Waterfowl Production Area 2WPAColumbia127Southern FarmlandColumbia—Leopold
Waterfowl Production Area 3WPAFond du Lac80Central FarmlandFond du Lac—Leopold
WeissWPASt. Croix36Central FarmlandSt Croix—St. Croix
White (Sheboygan County)WPASheboygan13Central FarmlandSheboygan—Leopold
White (St. Croix County)WPASt. Croix56Central FarmlandSt Croix—St. Croix

Acres, zones and flags from lands.json (DNR, USFWS and USFS layers and pages, retrieved 2026-10-19); quotas and zones from the Fall 2026-Spring 2027 regulations. Checked October 19, 2026.

Mallard drake swimming along a cattail and reed edge
Mallard drake swimming along a cattail and reed edgePhoto: Chris Bowman (CC BY 2.0)
Wood duck drake along a reed and grass shoreline
Wood duck drake along a reed and grass shorelinePhoto: USFWS Midwest Region (Public Domain Mark 1.0)
Canada geese flying low over a marsh
Canada geese flying low over a marshPhoto: Yellowstone National Park (Public domain)

Wisconsin Waterfowl Production Areas: questions

Can I leave a duck blind on a WPA?

No. All equipment, blinds and stands included, is removed daily.

Which WPAs are closed?

Blue Wing WPA (Ozaukee County) and Wilcox WPA (Waushara County); posted parts of St. Croix Prairie and Prairie Flats-South are also closed, and Oak Ridge WPA opens in fall only for deer.

Do I need a federal permit for WPAs?

No separate permit; Wisconsin licenses, stamps and seasons apply, plus the federal duck stamp for waterfowl.

Who manages WPAs?

The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, through the Leopold and St. Croix wetland management districts.

Pick a property from the waterfowl production areas list

WPA pages give the district, acreage and county; the district office has current closures, and every piece of gear leaves with you at dark.