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2026-27 county guide
Canyon County for Idaho Hunters
Unit shares both ways, A and B elk tag lines, 7 drawn hunts, 2025 harvest in the units that cross into Canyon County, public land by owner and the shops around Caldwell.
Photo: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Pacific Region (Public Domain Mark 1.0)
Canyon County size, people and time zone
Canyon County sits wholly inside the IDFG Southwest Region, which also takes in Ada, Adams, Boise, Elmore, Gem and Owyhee. Census figures put Canyon County at 266,892 people in 2024 (15.5% up from the 2020 base of 231,116); the courthouse stands in Caldwell. The county spreads across 587 square miles of land, close to 375,711 acres, 39th statewide.
Cross the county line and you reach Ada County, Gem County, Owyhee County and Payette County or, out of state, Malheur County (OR). Canyon County keeps Mountain Time, like 33 other Idaho counties; only the nine northern counties and part of Idaho County use Pacific Time. Nampa hosts the Southwest Region South – Nampa Office, the office IDFG assigns to Canyon County.
Population from the Census Vintage 2024 estimates; area from the 2024 Census gazetteer; neighbours from Census county adjacency; regions from the IDFG regions and the IDFG administrative regions layer; offices from the IDFG office locations page; time zone from 49 CFR 71.9. Checked November 12, 2026.
Canyon County by hunting unit
Percentages come from overlaying the IDFG unit polygons on county lines.
1 IDFG hunting unit reach into Canyon County, and Unit 38 covers the largest piece, 100% of the county. The neighbour with the most shared units is Ada County: 1 of them.
| Unit | County share | Unit share | Elk zone | Wolf zone | CWD status | Other counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unit 38 | 100% | 30% | Boise River Zone | Southern Idaho | — | Ada, Elmore, Payette +1 |
The general black bear tables leave out Unit 38; read the brochure before planning a bear hunt there.
Unit shares from the IDFG Game Units layer overlaid on Census county polygons (GIS shares of land area, both ways); elk zone of each unit from the IDFG Elk Zones layer; wolf zones from the IDFG Wolf Zones layer; CWD units from the 2026 brochure; bear tables from the 2026 brochure. Checked November 12, 2026.
Canyon County zone tags for elk
Area cells name the part of the zone a line covers.
Pick an elk zone before buying a general tag: Canyon County sits in 1 of them, chiefly the Boise River Zone (100%).
| Zone | County share | Zone share | Its units here |
|---|---|---|---|
| Boise River Zone | 100% | 13% | 38 |
Zone tag seasons reaching Canyon County
| Zone | A or B | Weapon | From | To | Take | Area | Cap |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Boise River | B Tag | Any Weapon | Aug 1, 2026 | Sep 30, 2026 | Antlerless or Antlered | Unit 38 | — |
| Boise River | B Tag | Any Weapon | Oct 1, 2026 | Dec 31, 2026 | Antlerless or Spike | Unit 38 | — |
| Boise River | B Tag | Any Weapon | Oct 27, 2026 | Nov 9, 2026 | Antlered | Portion of Unit 39 | — |
| Boise River | A Tag | Archery | Nov 10, 2026 | Nov 30, 2026 | Antlerless or Antlered | Portion of Unit 39 | — |
Zone shares from the IDFG Elk Zones layer overlaid on county polygons; A and B tag lines from the IDFG Hunt Planner general hunt pages and the brochure elk zone table; tag sale dates from the 2026 brochure. Checked November 12, 2026.
Canyon County CWD rules and wolf zones
CWD rules for 2026 do not reach Canyon County: the zone is Units 14, 18 and part of Unit 1, and testing adds Units 23, 63A, 64 and 69.
Canyon County wolf zones, units and dates
IDFG maps Canyon County into 1 wolf zone, Southern Idaho, and sets wolf dates separately for public and private land. Wolf trapping takes a trapping license plus wolf trapper education; from July 1, 2026 trap checks may use transmitting cameras.
| Wolf zone | Units in county |
|---|---|
| Southern Idaho | Unit 38 |
| Season | Ownership | Units here | First day | Last day |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hunting | Private land | 38 | Jul 1, 2026 | Jun 30, 2027 |
| Hunting | Public land | 38 | Jul 1, 2026 | Jun 30, 2027 |
| Trapping | Private land | 38 | Nov 15, 2026 | Mar 31, 2027 |
| Trapping | Public land | 38 | Sep 10, 2026 | Nov 14, 2026 |
| Trapping | Public land | 38 | Nov 15, 2026 | Mar 31, 2027 |
CWD zone, transport and testing rules from the Big Game 2026 Seasons and Rules p. 9; 2026 changes from IDFG, What hunters need to know about CWD requirements for 2026; county units from the IDFG CWD zone rules; wolf rules from the 2026 brochure; wolf zones from the IDFG Wolf Zones layer. Checked November 12, 2026.
Canyon County tags and season windows
General tags go over the counter, while a Controlled line needs a successful application in the IDFG draw before the hunt.
| Species | Hunt | Tag or permit | Area | Opening day | Final day | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Deer | Archery | General tag | Unit 38 | Aug 30, 2026 | Sep 30, 2026 | |
| Deer | Controlled: Antlered | Controlled | 2 hunts | Oct 10, 2026 | Nov 24, 2026 | |
| Deer | Controlled: Extra Antlerless | Controlled | 4 hunts | Oct 10, 2026 | Dec 28, 2026 | |
| Deer | Short-Range Weapon | General tag | Unit 38 | Oct 10, 2026 | Oct 31, 2026 | |
| Deer | Short-Range Weapon | General tag | Unit 38 | Oct 10, 2026 | Nov 24, 2026 | |
| Elk | B Tag | B tag | Unit 38 | Aug 1, 2026 | Sep 30, 2026 | |
| Elk | B Tag | B tag | Unit 38 | Oct 1, 2026 | Oct 31, 2026 | |
| Elk | B Tag | B tag | Unit 38 | Oct 1, 2026 | Dec 31, 2026 | |
| Elk | A Tag | A tag | Unit 38 | Nov 1, 2026 | Nov 15, 2026 | |
| Pronghorn | Controlled: Either Sex | Controlled | 1 hunt | Sep 25, 2026 | Oct 24, 2026 | |
| Mountain lion | July 2026 – June 2027 | General tag | Unit 38 | Jul 1, 2026 | Jun 30, 2027 | |
| Forest grouse | Forest grouse (dusky, ruffed, spruce) | Area 2 | Aug 30, 2026 | Dec 31, 2026 | ||
| Chukar | Chukar | Statewide | Sep 15, 2026 | Jan 31, 2027 | ||
| Gray partridge | Gray (Hungarian) partridge | Statewide | Sep 15, 2026 | Jan 31, 2027 | ||
| Quail | California and bobwhite quail | Statewide | Sep 15, 2026 | Jan 31, 2027 | ||
| Pheasant | Pheasant – youth (17 and under) | Statewide | Oct 8, 2026 | Oct 14, 2026 | ||
| Pheasant | Pheasant – resident | Statewide | Oct 15, 2026 | Dec 31, 2026 | ||
| Pheasant | Pheasant – nonresident | Statewide | Oct 20, 2026 | Dec 31, 2026 | ||
| Cottontail rabbit | Cottontail | Statewide | Aug 30, 2026 | Mar 31, 2027 | ||
| Snowshoe hare | Snowshoe hare | Statewide | Aug 30, 2026 | Mar 31, 2027 | ||
| Red squirrel | Red squirrel | Statewide | Aug 30, 2026 | Mar 31, 2027 | ||
| Ducks | Youth and veterans/active military waterfowl weekend | Statewide | Sep 26, 2026 | Sep 27, 2026 | ||
| Ducks | Ducks | Permit | Area 1 | Oct 19, 2026 | Jan 31, 2027 | |
| Scaup | Scaup | Area 1 | Nov 7, 2026 | Jan 31, 2027 | ||
| American coot | American coot | Area 1 | Oct 19, 2026 | Jan 31, 2027 | ||
| Wilson's snipe | Wilson's snipe | Area 1 | Oct 19, 2026 | Jan 31, 2027 | ||
| Canada goose | Canada goose | Area 1 | Oct 19, 2026 | Jan 31, 2027 | ||
| White-fronted goose | White-fronted goose (4 areas) | Areas 1-4 | Oct 3, 2026 | Feb 15, 2027 | ||
| Light goose | Snow, blue and Ross's geese (5 areas) | Areas 1-5 | Oct 3, 2026 | Mar 10, 2027 | ||
| Mourning dove | Mourning and white-winged dove | Permit | Statewide | Sep 1, 2026 | Oct 30, 2026 | |
| American crow | American crow | Statewide | Oct 27, 2026 | Feb 28, 2027 | ||
| Badger | Trapping and hunting | Trapping | Statewide | Jul 1, 2026 | Jun 30, 2027 | |
| Beaver | Trapping | Trapping | Statewide | Oct 15, 2026 | Apr 15, 2027 | |
| Bobcat | Trapping and hunting | Trapping | Statewide | Dec 14, 2026 | Feb 16, 2027 | |
| Marten | Trapping | Trapping | Statewide | Nov 1, 2026 | Jan 31, 2027 | |
| Mink | Trapping | Trapping | Statewide | Oct 15, 2026 | Apr 15, 2027 | |
| Muskrat | Trapping | Trapping | Statewide | Oct 15, 2026 | Apr 15, 2027 | |
| River otter | Trapping | Trapping | Statewide | Oct 15, 2026 | Mar 31, 2027 | |
| Red fox | Trapping and hunting – other regions (year-round) | By region | Jul 1, 2026 | Jun 30, 2027 |
From the Idaho Big Game 2026 Seasons and Rules, the Moose, Bighorn Sheep and Mountain Goat 2025 and 2026 brochure, the Upland Game, Turkey and Furbearer 2026 and 2027 brochure, the Migratory Game Bird 2026-2027 brochure and the IDFG Hunt Planner (Idaho Department of Fish and Game), data read November 11, 2026, checked November 12, 2026.
Hunt numbers crossing into Canyon County
Rows come from the 2026 draw.
The 2026 draw lists 7 hunt numbers whose units cross into the county (6 deer and 1 pronghorn). Together they carry 75 tags for 2026, but the counts are whole-hunt figures and many hunt areas are smaller than their units or spill into other counties.
The first application period for deer, elk, pronghorn and fall bear runs May 1 to June 5 and results post in early July; the draw is random.
Canyon County deer hunt numbers (6)
| Number | Kind | Units | Weapon | From | To | Take | Tags |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1028 | Antlered | 38 | Short-Range Weapons | Oct 10, 2026 | Nov 24, 2026 | Antlered | 5 |
| 1029 | Antlered | 38 | Short-Range Weapons | Oct 10, 2026 | Nov 24, 2026 | Antlered | 20 |
| 1138 | Extra Antlerless | 38 | Short-Range Weapons | Oct 10, 2026 | Oct 29, 2026 | Antlerless | 10 |
| 1139 | Extra Antlerless | 38 | Short-Range Weapons | Oct 30, 2026 | Nov 18, 2026 | Antlerless | 10 |
| 1140 | Extra Antlerless | 38 | Short-Range Weapons | Nov 19, 2026 | Dec 8, 2026 | Antlerless | 10 |
| 1141 | Extra Antlerless | 38 | Short-Range Weapons | Dec 9, 2026 | Dec 28, 2026 | Antlerless | 10 |
Pronghorn hunts with units in Canyon County (1)
| Number | Kind | Units | Weapon | From | To | Take | Tags |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4006 | Either Sex | 38 | Any Weapon | Sep 25, 2026 | Oct 24, 2026 | Antlerless or Antlered | 10 |
Hunt numbers, types, units, dates, bags and 2026 tags from the IDFG Hunt Planner hunt pages (each hunt number links its page) matched to the Idaho Big Game 2026 Seasons and Rules and the Moose, Bighorn Sheep and Mountain Goat 2025 and 2026 brochure; counties are whole units, so a hunt area can be smaller. Application periods from the 2026 brochure, the moose, sheep and goat brochure and the spring bear page. Checked November 12, 2026.
Canyon County unit harvest, 2025
Bear, lion and wolf cells are animals taken in the unit.
IDFG publishes harvest by unit and by hunt, not by county, so the rows below are 2025 harvest in the hunting units that reach Canyon County (unit totals). 322 general season elk hunters took 51 elk in Unit 38 during 2025. Unit 38 posted the largest general deer harvest among these units, 246.
| Unit | Deer (success) | Elk (success) | Turkey |
|---|---|---|---|
| Unit 38 | 246 (28%) | 51 (16%) | 227 |
2025 harvest from the IDFG Hunt Planner statistics: general season deer 2025; general season elk 2025; spring turkey 2025. Deer and elk cells are IDFG’s “All Weapons Combined” unit rows (harvest and success); bear, lion and wolf cells are unit harvest; turkey is the spring unit row. IDFG publishes harvest by hunting unit and controlled hunt only (Hunt Planner harvest statistics); no county harvest exists. `counties` on unit rows list every county named in the unit boundary description. Checked November 12, 2026.
Canyon County forests, BLM and WMAs
Solid points on the map are places in the county; hollow ones lie just outside it.
Of every hundred acres in Canyon County, about 3 are public hunting ground, 11,544 acres on the merged layers. No owner outweighs BLM land here: 8,978 acres. Call the Four Rivers Field Office about BLM roads and closures here; its share is roughly 8,978 of 8,978 BLM acres.
| Owner | Acres (GIS) | Share | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| WMA land | 1,579 | under 1% | WMA rules apply |
| Public domain (BLM) | 8,978 | 2% | Open to hunting |
| Refuge land | 988 | under 1% | Refuge-specific |
| Public total (union) | 11,544 | 3% | Counted once |
| State endowment land | 592 | under 1% | Read rule |
Idaho Department of Lands endowment land adds about 592 acres, kept out of the public total because recreation there is a secondary use.
Canyon County places, card by card
Deer Flat National Wildlife Refuge
Units 31/32/38
Boise District
Units 22/23/24 +13
Four Rivers Field Office
Units 22/23/24 +12
Morley Nelson Snake River Birds of Prey National Conservation Area
Units 38/40/41 +2
Canyon County neighbours with open land
- Letha – Payette River Access (Access Yes!)19 miles, Access Yes! property
- Payette River Wildlife Management Area26 miles, IDFG WMA
- Montour Wildlife Management Area28 miles, IDFG WMA
- Boise River Wildlife Management Area33 miles, IDFG WMA
- Highland Land and Livestock Boise River WMA (Access Yes!)34 miles, Access Yes! property
- Willow-Oxarango (Access Yes!)35 miles, Access Yes! property
Acres are GIS measures of polygons with water over 2 square km removed, not official acreage: IDFG WMA layer, PAD-US 4.1 (forest, grassland, BLM, refuge, park, endowment, Reclamation, military, DOE and tribal land), IDFG Access Yes! 2026 layer, IDFG Large Tracts layer; refuges counted only when listed in 50 CFR 32.31; tribal rule from 18 U.S.C. 1165; closures from the 2026 brochure; Craters of the Moon from the NPS laws and policies page. Checked November 12, 2026.
Canyon County IDFG contacts and shops
Region: IDFG Southwest Region. Call the office before driving in with a skull or hide to present.
Canyon County towns and their units
- Caldwell73,088 people · Unit 38 · 4 places within 10 mi
- Nampa117,350 people · Unit 38 · 4 places within 10 mi
- Parma2,198 people · Unit 38 · 6 places within 10 mi
Caldwell, Nampa and Parma have a town page with nearby land within 10 and 25 miles. 14 sporting goods shops, 8 taxidermists and 3 meat processors list an address in the county.
Offices from the IDFG office locations page; skull and hide rule from the 2026 brochure; towns from the 2024 Census gazetteer; shops from Yellow Pages listings and chain store locators; outfitters from the IDFG outfitter layer of OGLB licences. Listings not individually verified; call ahead. Checked November 12, 2026.
Canyon County hunting calendar
On November 11, 2026 the county showed 8 dates ahead, covering DU conservation dinner, DU sportsman’s bingo, RMEF chapter banquet, hunter and bowhunter, pre-study, hunter certification and wolf trapper certification. Full when read: 1.
| Date | Event | Where | Link | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nov 14, 2026 | Nampa Sportsman's Super Bingo kind: DU sportsman’s bingo | Nampa Elks Lodge | Tickets | Source |
| Nov 19–20, 2026 | Hunter & Bowhunter Certification, pre-study (Nampa) kind: hunter and bowhunter, pre-study | Register-Ed page | Source | |
| Dec 12, 2026 | Canyon County Fall Conservation Dinner kind: DU conservation dinner | O'Conner Field House | Tickets | Source |
| Dec 12, 2026 | Wolf Trapper Certification (Nampa) kind: wolf trapper certification | Register-Ed page | Source | |
| Dec 21–29, 2026 | Hunter Certification (Nampa) kind: hunter certification | Register-Ed page | Source | |
| Feb 6, 2027 | RMEF Treasure Valley Chapter Banquet kind: RMEF chapter banquet | Tickets | Source | |
| Feb 27, 2027 | Nampa Conservation Dinner kind: DU conservation dinner | Nampa Elks Lodge | Tickets | Source |
| May 1, 2027 | Idaho DU Bingo Fiesta kind: DU sportsman’s bingo | O'Conner Field House | Tickets | Source |
Canyon County: club benches and clay fields
6 ranges in Canyon County; Nampa Public Shooting Range is an IDFG, BLM-land or city range.
Local shoot calendar
Ranges from IDFG range pages, the BLM qualified range list, club sites and directory listings, checked November 12, 2026.
Canyon County hours on key season dates
Deer, elk, bear, lion and wolf hunters around Canyon County share the same half-hour rule at both ends of the day.
| Date | Opener | Rise | Set | Big game hours |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aug 1, 2026 | General elk opener | 6:35 a.m. MT | 9:12 p.m. MT | 6:05 a.m. MT to 9:42 p.m. MT |
| Aug 30, 2026 | Archery deer opener | 7:07 a.m. MT | 8:28 p.m. MT | 6:37 a.m. MT to 8:58 p.m. MT |
| Sep 15, 2026 | Chukar opener | 7:25 a.m. MT | 8:00 p.m. MT | 6:55 a.m. MT to 8:30 p.m. MT |
| Oct 19, 2026 | Duck opener | 8:04 a.m. MT | 6:59 p.m. MT | 7:34 a.m. MT to 7:29 p.m. MT |
| Dec 21, 2026 | Shortest day | 8:17 a.m. MT | 5:13 p.m. MT | 7:47 a.m. MT to 5:43 p.m. MT |
Hours rule from the Idaho Big Game 2026 Seasons and Rules (wolf and upland game animals: same rule, wolf, upland); time zone from 49 CFR 71.9; sunrise and sunset worked out for this location with the NOAA solar formula (Mountain Time); migratory bird hours: IDFG migratory bird table; checked November 12, 2026. Legal hours for every county.
Canyon County hunting kit
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Geese flying over Lake Lowell at dawn at Deer Flat National Wildlife RefugePhoto: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Pacific Region (Public Domain Mark 1.0)

A flock of geese crossing the dawn sky over Lake LowellPhoto: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Pacific Region (Public Domain Mark 1.0)

Marsh plants silhouetted against a dawn sky at Deer Flat National Wildlife RefugePhoto: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Pacific Region (Public Domain Mark 1.0)
Canyon County: common questions
Which species have controlled hunts reaching Canyon County?
6 deer and 1 pronghorn: 7 hunt numbers in all.
How many GIS acres of public hunting land does Canyon County hold?
About 11,544 GIS acres, 3% of the county.
Is CWD sampling required around Canyon County?
No testing or transport rule applies here in 2026.
Which clock do Canyon County shooting times follow?
Mountain Time; every time printed on this page carries its zone label.
How far is the nearest IDFG office from Canyon County?
About 10 miles in a straight line from mid-county to the Southwest Region South – Nampa Office in Nampa.
Which Canyon County unit gave up the most general season elk in 2025?
Unit 38, 51 (general season elk), a figure for the whole unit.
What hunter orange rule applies in Canyon County?
IDFG recommends hunter orange. It becomes required on pheasant ground where the Upland Game Bird Permit is needed and on sponsored hunts like organized youth hunts (36 square inches minimum above the waist).
Do I report an unsuccessful hunt in Canyon County?
Yes. Unsuccessful deer, elk and pronghorn hunters report within 10 days after the season closes.
What unit numbers apply when hunting Canyon County?
1 of them, biggest first: Unit 38.
How do A and B elk tags work around Canyon County?
Each zone sells an A tag and a B tag with different seasons, and you may hold one general elk tag. Zones here: Boise River Zone.
From the Idaho Big Game 2026 Seasons and Rules, IDFG hunter orange policy, harvest reporting, CWD rules, 49 CFR 71.9, 18 U.S.C. 1165 and the county data above. Checked November 12, 2026.
Other photos on this page: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Pacific Region (Public Domain Mark 1.0); U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Pacific Region (Public Domain Mark 1.0); U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Pacific Region (Public Domain Mark 1.0).