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WMU 6G and more
Jefferson County Hunting
A county brief for Jefferson County: the units DEC uses to set deer and bear dates, 2026 DMP numbers, the duck zone, public tracts with acres, 2025 deer take and the nearest DEC office.
Photo: andyarthur (CC BY 2.0)
Measured on Census maps, Jefferson County holds 1,268 square miles of land around its seat at Watertown. Its population stood at 113,140 in 2024 (-3.1% on 2020). DEC manages wildlife here from its Region 6 office in Watertown. DEC sets dates by unit; here that means 6G, 6A, 6H, 6K, 6N and 6C. About 40,689 acres of DEC ground lie within the line.
Land area from the Census 2024 Gazetteer, population from Census Vintage 2024 estimates, DEC region and offices from the DEC office list, WMUs from the DEC WMU season layer, DEC acres from the NYS DEC Lands layer (GIS measure). Checked October 27, 2026.
Nearby
Places to hunt and shoot around Jefferson County
Jefferson County unit-by-unit rules
The largest unit here is 6G, about 45% of the county; 6A (8%), 6H (8%) and 6K (4%) follow. Expect the bow opener Sept. 27 and the gun opener Oct. 24, as set for the Northern Zone. For 2026 DEC offers capped DMPs across 6G, 6A, 6H, 6K and 6C and none by law in 6N. Leftover limited permits appear about Nov. 1 after the Oct 1, 2026 deadline. Junior hunters 12-15 get the youth firearms hunt Oct 10 to Oct 12, 2026 outside bowhunting-only units. New for 2026, filling an antlerless tag earns a second buck tag.
| WMU | County share | Zone | Early archery | Regular season | Muzzleloading |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6G | 45% | Northern | Sept. 27–Oct. 23 | Oct. 24–Dec. 6 | Oct. 17–Oct. 23 Dec. 7–Dec. 13 |
| 6A | 8% | Northern | Sept. 27–Oct. 23 | Oct. 24–Dec. 6 | Oct. 17–Oct. 23 Dec. 7–Dec. 13 |
| 6H | 8% | Northern | Sept. 27–Oct. 23 | Oct. 24–Dec. 6 | Oct. 17–Oct. 23 Dec. 7–Dec. 13 |
| 6K | 4% | Northern | Sept. 27–Oct. 23 | Oct. 24–Dec. 6 | Oct. 17–Oct. 23 |
| 6N | 3% | Northern | Sept. 27–Oct. 23 | Oct. 24–Dec. 6 | Oct. 17–Oct. 23 |
| 6C | 2% | Northern | Sept. 27–Oct. 23 | Oct. 24–Dec. 6 | Oct. 17–Oct. 23 Dec. 7–Dec. 13 |
| Unit | 2026 DMPs | Avg success | Resident 1st | Resident 2nd | Nonresident | Buck rule | Bear area | Fall turkey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6G | 21,000 | 12.8% | High | High | High | None | Western Periphery | Oct. 1-14 |
| 6A | 2,300 | — | PP Req | None | None | None | Western Periphery | Oct. 1-14 |
| 6H | 600 | 15.2% | Med | None | None | None | Adirondacks | Oct. 1-14 |
| 6K | 6,500 | 18.0% | Med | None | None | None | Western Periphery | Oct. 1-14 |
| 6N | None by law | — | — | — | — | None | Western Periphery | Oct. 1-14 |
| 6C | 3,800 | 17.4% | Med | None | None | None | Adirondacks | Oct. 1-14 |
WMU 6G · WMU 6A · WMU 6H · WMU 6K · WMU 6N · WMU 6C · Permit table · Antler restrictions
Unit shares and dates from the DEC WMU season layer (2026-27); DMP targets and odds from the 2026 DMP table and the guide DMP page; antler, bow-only, bear and turkey units from the 2026-27 guide. Checked October 27, 2026.
Jefferson County dates from September to May
Jefferson County lies in the Northern Zone, and its WMUs (6G, 6A, 6H, 6K, 6N and 6C) decide the deer, bear, turkey and small game dates. The 50 rows below come from the 2026-27 guide.
| Game | Season | Area | Begins | Through | Right now |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| White-tailed deer | Early Bowhunting | All WMUs here | Sep 27, 2026 | Oct 23, 2026 | |
| White-tailed deer | Youth deer weekend | All WMUs here | Oct 10, 2026 | Oct 12, 2026 | |
| White-tailed deer | Early Muzzleloading (antlered deer only) | WMU 6N | Oct 17, 2026 | Oct 23, 2026 | |
| White-tailed deer | Early Muzzleloading (deer of either sex) | WMUs 6A, 6C, 6G, 6H, 6K | Oct 17, 2026 | Oct 23, 2026 | |
| White-tailed deer | Regular Season | All WMUs here | Oct 24, 2026 | Dec 6, 2026 | |
| White-tailed deer | Late Bowhunting | WMUs 6A, 6C, 6G, 6H | Dec 7, 2026 | Dec 13, 2026 | |
| White-tailed deer | Late Muzzleloading | WMUs 6A, 6C, 6G, 6H | Dec 7, 2026 | Dec 13, 2026 | |
| Black bear | Early Bowhunting | WMUs 6A, 6G, 6K, 6N | Sep 19, 2026 | Oct 23, 2026 | |
| Black bear | Regular Season (Adirondacks) | WMUs 6C, 6H | Sep 19, 2026 | Dec 6, 2026 | |
| Black bear | Youth Firearms Bear Hunt | All WMUs here | Oct 10, 2026 | Oct 12, 2026 | |
| Black bear | Early Muzzleloading | WMUs 6A, 6G, 6K, 6N | Oct 17, 2026 | Oct 23, 2026 | |
| Black bear | Regular Season (Western Periphery) | WMUs 6A, 6G, 6K, 6N | Oct 24, 2026 | Dec 6, 2026 | |
| Wild turkey | Fall Season | All WMUs here | Oct 1, 2026 | Oct 14, 2026 | |
| Wild turkey | Youth Spring Turkey Hunt | All WMUs here | Apr 24, 2027 | Apr 25, 2027 | |
| Wild turkey | Spring Season | All WMUs here | May 1, 2027 | May 31, 2027 | |
| Pheasant | Youth Pheasant Hunt | All WMUs here | Sep 26, 2026 | Sep 27, 2026 | |
| Pheasant | Regular (either sex) | All WMUs here | Oct 1, 2026 | Feb 28, 2027 | |
| Ruffed grouse | Hunting | All WMUs here | Sep 20, 2026 | Feb 28, 2027 | |
| Woodcock | Hunting | All WMUs here | Oct 1, 2026 | Nov 14, 2026 | |
| Cottontail | Hunting | All WMUs here | Oct 1, 2026 | Mar 21, 2027 | |
| Snowshoe hare | Hunting | All WMUs here | Oct 1, 2026 | Mar 21, 2027 | |
| Gray squirrel | Hunting | All WMUs here | Sep 1, 2026 | Feb 28, 2027 | |
| Black squirrel | Hunting | All WMUs here | Sep 1, 2026 | Feb 28, 2027 | |
| Fox squirrel | Hunting | All WMUs here | Sep 1, 2026 | Feb 28, 2027 | |
| Ducks | Split 1 | Northeastern Zone | Oct 10, 2026 | Nov 29, 2026 | |
| Ducks | Split 2 | Northeastern Zone | Dec 12, 2026 | Dec 20, 2026 | |
| Scaup | 2-scaup window | Northeastern Zone | Nov 19, 2026 | Nov 29, 2026 | |
| Scaup | 2-scaup window | Northeastern Zone | Dec 12, 2026 | Dec 20, 2026 | |
| Canada goose | September season | Northeast goose area | Sep 1, 2026 | Sep 25, 2026 | |
| Canada goose | Regular season | Northeast goose area | Oct 24, 2026 | Nov 29, 2026 | |
| Canada goose | Regular season | Northeast goose area | Dec 12, 2026 | Dec 19, 2026 | |
| Snow goose | Regular season | Northeastern Zone | Oct 1, 2026 | Dec 31, 2026 | |
| Snow goose | Regular season | Northeastern Zone | Feb 26, 2027 | Mar 10, 2027 | |
| Brant | Regular season | Northeastern Zone | Oct 10, 2026 | Nov 8, 2026 | |
| Youth waterfowl | Youth days | Northeastern Zone | Sep 26, 2026 | Sep 27, 2026 | |
| Veteran waterfowl | Veteran days | Northeastern Zone | Sep 26, 2026 | Sep 27, 2026 | |
| Snipe | Hunting | All WMUs here | Sep 1, 2026 | Nov 9, 2026 | |
| Rails | Hunting | All WMUs here | Sep 1, 2026 | Nov 9, 2026 | |
| Gallinule | Hunting | All WMUs here | Sep 1, 2026 | Nov 9, 2026 | |
| Crow | Hunting | All WMUs here | Sep 1, 2026 | Mar 31, 2027 | |
| Coyote | Hunting | All WMUs here | Oct 1, 2026 | Mar 28, 2027 | |
| Raccoon | Hunting | All WMUs here | Oct 25, 2026 | Feb 15, 2027 | |
| Red fox | Hunting | All WMUs here | Oct 25, 2026 | Feb 15, 2027 | |
| Gray fox | Hunting | All WMUs here | Oct 25, 2026 | Feb 15, 2027 | |
| Bobcat | Hunting | WMUs 6A, 6C, 6G, 6H, 6N | Oct 25, 2026 | Feb 15, 2027 | |
| Skunk | Hunting | All WMUs here | Oct 25, 2026 | Feb 15, 2027 | |
| Opossum | Hunting | All WMUs here | Oct 25, 2026 | Feb 15, 2027 | |
| Weasel | Hunting | All WMUs here | Oct 25, 2026 | Feb 15, 2027 | |
| Snapping turtle | Hunting | Statewide | Jul 15, 2026 | Sep 30, 2026 | |
| Frogs | Hunting | Statewide | Jun 15, 2026 | Sep 30, 2026 |
From the 2026-27 New York Hunting and Trapping Regulations Guide (New York State Department of Environmental Conservation), WMU lists as printed, checked October 27, 2026.
Jefferson County deer numbers since 2007
Jefferson County ranked 8th of the 56 counties DEC reports, with 6,226 deer in 2025. Since 2007 (6,734) the county moved -8%, with 2020 on top at 8,559. Adult does numbered 2,375 against 3,219 adult bucks. DEC's last town breakdown (2019) has Ellisburg, Henderson and Rutland as the top three.
| Year | Adult bucks | Male fawns | Adult does | Female fawns | Deer |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 3,219 | 337 | 2,375 | 295 | 6,226 |
| 2024 | 3,930 | 276 | 2,436 | 229 | 6,871 |
| 2023 | 3,893 | 212 | 2,340 | 228 | 6,673 |
| 2022 | 3,860 | 479 | 2,634 | 437 | 7,410 |
| 2021 | 3,693 | 262 | 2,659 | 288 | 6,902 |
| 2020 | 3,957 | 453 | 3,834 | 315 | 8,559 |
| Season | Bucks | All deer |
|---|---|---|
| 2019 | 3,917 | 6,985 |
| 2018 | 3,563 | 6,891 |
| 2017 | 3,358 | 6,055 |
| 2016 | 2,983 | 5,964 |
| 2015 | 2,848 | 5,567 |
| 2014 | 3,346 | 7,599 |
| 2013 | 3,668 | 8,058 |
| 2012 | 3,793 | 7,506 |
| 2011 | 2,877 | 6,313 |
| 2010 | 3,157 | 7,261 |
| 2009 | 3,208 | 6,966 |
| 2008 | 3,322 | 7,308 |
| 2007 | 3,215 | 6,734 |
Unit numbers, 2022
| Unit | Deer | Adult males/sq mi | DMPs issued | DMP harvest | Success |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6G | 6,593 | 3.5 | 19,202 | 2,773 | 14.4% |
| 6A | 4,501 | 2.2 | 1,498 | 400 | 26.7% |
| 6H | 392 | 1.1 | 800 | 192 | 24.0% |
| 6K | 5,072 | 2.5 | 8,000 | 1,612 | 20.2% |
| 6N | 947 | 1.6 | — | — | — |
| 6C | 3,587 | 2.2 | 3,600 | 760 | 21.1% |
DEC 2025 deer take by county, earlier Deer Take by Town and County reports and the DEC deer and bear page; WMU and DMP figures from DEC deer reports (2022). Checked October 27, 2026.
Jefferson County bear take, turkey dates and duck zones
Bears
DEC opens bear in 6G, 6A, 6H, 6K, 6N and 6C; the area is Western Periphery and Adirondacks. Look for bear windows between Sep 19 and Dec 6, 2026. Across 15 years of county tables the total is 403 bears. The 2025 summary credits 6C with 106 bears, the most of the units here. The unit objective reads maintain low bear density and maintain moderate bear density.
| Unit | Early | Bow | ML | Regular | Junior | Bears | Per 100 sq mi |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6G | — | 1 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 5 | 0.5 |
| 6A | — | 5 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 10 | 0.7 |
| 6H | — | 0 | 0 | 17 | 0 | 17 | 9.8 |
| 6K | — | 7 | 3 | 8 | 0 | 18 | 1.6 |
| 6N | — | 5 | 1 | 9 | 0 | 15 | 3.1 |
| 6C | — | 0 | 0 | 106 | 0 | 106 | 10.9 |
Jefferson wild turkey
DEC sets fall turkey here as 6G, 6A, 6H, 6K, 6N and 6C Oct. 1-14. Bearded birds only in spring, May 1 to May 31, 2027; shooting stops at noon. The nearest spring figures are DEC's aggregates: St. Lawrence Valley came in near 478 for 2026.
| DEC turkey area | WMUs | Spring 2024 | Spring 2025 | Spring 2026 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| St. Lawrence Valley | 6A,6C,6H | 619 | 436 | 478 |
| Central Tug Hill | 6N | 171 | 147 | 197 |
| East Ontario Plain | 6G | 376 | 439 | 507 |
| Tug Hill Transition | 6K | 622 | 688 | 682 |
Duck and goose areas
Ducks follow the Northeastern zone dates here. Canada geese follow the Northeast area dates.
| Area | Dates | Per day |
|---|---|---|
| Northeast | Sep 1–Sep 25, 2026 | 15 |
| Northeast | Oct 24–Nov 29, 2026 | 3 |
| Northeast | Dec 12–Dec 19, 2026 | 3 |
Bear area rules · Fall and spring turkey · Zone descriptions
Bear areas and dates from the guide bear page; county bear take from DEC Bear Take by Town and County tables; 2025 by WMU and heaviest bears from the 2025 Bear Harvest Summary; turkey dates from the guide turkey page and spring take from the DEC turkey harvest page; waterfowl from the guide migratory bird pages. Checked October 27, 2026.
Jefferson County: forests, WMAs and other land
The 32 Jefferson County listings break down as 14 wildlife management areas, 10 state parks with hunting, 6 state forests and 1 unique area. State parks listed here allow hunting only under the park's own permit or rules; other parks are closed. Military land at Fort Drum needs its own pass. Look for DEC pheasant release sites in Jefferson County in the fall. The DEC places-to-hunt-waterfowl program lists Jefferson County.
- Military land in Jefferson (1)Fort Drum (70,000 ac*)
- Wildlife management areas, 14Perch River Wildlife Management Area (8,050 ac), Little John Wildlife Management Area (7,921 ac*), Lakeview Wildlife Management Area (3,444 ac), French Creek Wildlife Management Area (2,268 ac), Ashland Flats Wildlife Management Area (2,027 ac), Dexter Marsh Wildlife Management Area (1,240 ac), Point Peninsula Wildlife Management Area (1,085 ac), Indian River Wildlife Management Area (942 ac), Black Pond Wildlife Management Area (551 ac), Brownville (Game Farm/Maintenance Center) Wildlife Management Area (237 ac), Honeyville Wildlife Management Area (111 ac), Lake Ontario Islands Wildlife Management Area (75 ac), Collins Landing Wildlife Management Area (52 ac), Cranberry Creek Wildlife Management Area (13 ac)
- State forests in Jefferson (6)Tug Hill State Forest (12,268 ac*), Winona State Forest (9,234 ac*), Pinckney State Forest (2,100 ac*), Gould Corners State Forest (2,065 ac), Pulpit Rock State Forest (1,602 ac), Coyote Flats State Forest (560 ac)
- State parks with hunting in Jefferson (10)Wellesley Island State Park (2,786 ac), Robert G. Wehle State Park (1,088 ac), Southwick Beach State Park (484 ac), Westcott Beach State Park (312 ac), Grass Point State Park (111 ac), Canoe-Picnic Point State Park (75 ac), Kring Point State Park (54 ac), Cedar Point State Park (48 ac), Long Point State Park (23 ac), Burnham Point State Park (12 ac)
- Unique areas (1)Henderson Shores Unique Area (891 ac)
DEC Pheasant Release Sites (statewide program) · DEC Places to Hunt Waterfowl (statewide map)
Tracts in bordering counties
- Granger State Forest17 miles distant · 737 ac
- Lookout State Forest19 miles distant · 3,983 ac
- Cobb Creek State Forest22 miles distant · 2,203 ac
- Sears Pond State Forest23 miles distant · 5,723 ac
- Grant Powell State Forest25 miles distant · 8,337 ac
The closed list for Jefferson County: Chaumont Boat Launch, Stony Creek Boat Launch, Sackets Harbor Battlefield State Historic Site, DeWolf Point State Park, Keewaydin State Park, Mary Island State Park, Rock Island Lighthouse State Park and Waterson Point State Park and 1 more.
Land by type · Wildlife management areas · State forests
Tracts from our New York land list (DEC property pages, OPRHP, USFWS, USFS and DEP records); acres by kind from the NYS DEC Lands layer and the USFS ownership layer (GIS measures, not official acreages). Checked October 27, 2026.
Jefferson County legal implements and disease rules
Nothing in the guide's no-rifle list covers Jefferson County. State setbacks: guns 500 ft, crossbows 250 ft, bows 150 ft from homes and schools. Junior hunters and their mentors must wear orange or pink with a firearm or crossbow. Scents and lures are fine; bait and feed for deer or bear are not. You may hunt on Sundays in all areas.
CWD rules
No wild deer has tested positive since 2005; 71,973 have been tested in all. Importing an intact head or whole carcass of any deer from another state is illegal.
| Year | Tested | CWD found |
|---|---|---|
| 2021-2022 | 2,967 | 0 |
| 2022-2023 | 2,727 | 0 |
| 2023-2024 | 2,713 | 0 |
| 2024-2025 | 3,189 | 0 |
| 2025-2026 | 3,050 | 0 |
Whether 12- and 13-year-olds can hunt deer with a gun here depends on a local opt-in law shown on DEC's map. Junior hunting
State law summary · CWD details · Youth hunts
Rifle areas and setbacks from the guide legal implements map; orange from the guide big game rules; baiting from the general regulations; Sunday hunting from the guide; CWD from the DEC CWD page and the CWD surveillance plan. Checked October 27, 2026.
Jefferson County DEC offices, processors and shops
Businesses in Jefferson County come first; the nearest in bordering counties fill each group. Licensed guides based in Jefferson County: 39, per DEC. DEC lists 18 municipal license agents in Jefferson County.
DEC offices for Jefferson County
The Region 6 headquarters in Watertown answers at (315) 785-2239. Drive about 7 miles to reach NYSDEC Region 6 Headquarters (Watertown).
Meat processing
Taxidermists
Guide services and preserves
Hunting shops
Offices from the DEC office list; processors from the DEC 2026 processor list and directories; guides and clerks from DEC data.ny.gov lists; shops from directories and store locators. Checked October 27, 2026; call ahead. All New York hunting services.
Jefferson County town guides and neighbours
Use a Jefferson County town page to see the closest public land by distance.
- Watertownseat of government · 24,038 people · 10,230 ac of hunting ground near
- Belleville12,437 ac of hunting ground near
- Carthage3,257 people · 9,243 ac of hunting ground near
- Clayton1,689 people · 3,044 ac of hunting ground near
- Dexter1,011 people · 8,371 ac of hunting ground near
- Lorraine34,980 ac of hunting ground near
- Natural Bridge27,229 ac of hunting ground near
- Pamelia Center10,437 ac of hunting ground near
- Three Mile Bay6,434 ac of hunting ground near
The Census adjacency file pairs Jefferson County with 4 New York neighbours.
Towns from the Census 2024 Gazetteer and Vintage 2024 estimates; adjacency from the Census county adjacency file.
Jefferson County legal hunting light
The DEC guide prints sunrise and sunset for Albany only. The times here are worked out for the centre of Jefferson County and match the Albany table within four minutes.
| Day | Hunt | First sun | Last sun | Big game window | Bird window |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sep 27, 2026 | Northern bow opener | 6:56 a.m. | 6:55 p.m. | 6:26 a.m. to 7:25 p.m. | 6:26 a.m. to 6:55 p.m. |
| Oct 1, 2026 | Southern bow opener | 7:00 a.m. | 6:47 p.m. | 6:30 a.m. to 7:17 p.m. | 6:30 a.m. to 6:47 p.m. |
| Oct 24, 2026 | Northern regular opener | 7:29 a.m. | 6:08 p.m. | 6:59 a.m. to 6:38 p.m. | 6:59 a.m. to 6:08 p.m. |
| Nov 21, 2026 | Southern regular opener | 7:06 a.m. | 4:34 p.m. | 6:36 a.m. to 5:04 p.m. | 6:36 a.m. to 4:34 p.m. |
| Dec 14, 2026 | Southern late season | 7:31 a.m. | 4:27 p.m. | 7:01 a.m. to 4:57 p.m. | 7:01 a.m. to 4:27 p.m. |
| Jan 1, 2027 | Late season close | 7:39 a.m. | 4:36 p.m. | 7:09 a.m. to 5:06 p.m. | 7:09 a.m. to 4:36 p.m. |
| May 1, 2027 | Spring turkey opener | 5:57 a.m. | 8:05 p.m. | 5:27 a.m. to 8:35 p.m. | 5:27 a.m. to 8:05 p.m. |
Hours rule from the DEC guide sunrise and sunset page; sun times calculated for the county centre (NOAA method), checked against the guide’s Albany table; checked October 27, 2026. Legal hours for every county.
Jefferson County hunting dates and results
Listed for this county: 1 upcoming event (youth pheasant hunt).
Dated ahead
| On | Listing | Venue | Tickets or seats | Read at |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nov 14, 2026 | Fort Drum Youth Pheasant Hunt · youth pheasant hunt | Reserve a spot | Source |
Jefferson County ranges and match dates
The guide counts 6 ranges in Jefferson County, from rod and gun clubs to indoor bays and archery.
Jefferson County has no public range within 60 miles of its center; club memberships fill the gap.
Ranges from DEC, the operators’ pages and directory listings, checked October 27, 2026.
Jefferson County hunters ask
How far from a house can I shoot in Jefferson County?
500 feet with a firearm, 250 with a crossbow and 150 with a bow, unless the owner consents.
What is the DEC phone for Jefferson County?
(315) 785-2239; wildlife (315) 785-2263.
Which processors take deer from Jefferson County?
Wilderness Walt's Taxidermy, Nolt's Processing and Miller's Meat Market, sorted by distance from mid-county.
When does regular deer season open in Jefferson County?
Oct. 24 in the Northern Zone units; it runs Oct. 24 to Dec. 6.
Can I get a DMP in Jefferson County?
In 6G, 6A, 6H, 6K and 6C, yes, with a 2026 target; 6N has none by law.
Can I use a crossbow in Jefferson County?
Yes, during the whole bowhunting season wherever vertical bows are legal, with bowhunter education.
Where does Jefferson County rank for deer?
It placed 8th among the 56 counties DEC reports for 2025, with 6,226 deer.
Is there an early bear season in Jefferson County?
No early firearms bear season here.
How many spring gobblers can I take in Jefferson County?
Two bearded birds, no more than one a day.
Can I hunt brant in Jefferson County?
Yes, Oct 10 to Nov 8, 2026 (Northeastern Zone).
Answers from the 2026-27 New York Hunting and Trapping Regulations Guide, the DMP pages, harvest reporting rules, DEC harvest data and the sources above. Checked October 27, 2026.
Jefferson County checks before the drive
Get permission before hunting private land in Jefferson County, and know where the 500-foot setback starts.
Sources: 2026-27 New York Hunting and Trapping Regulations Guide, DEC hunting, Census and the agencies linked in each section. Checked October 27, 2026.
Other photos on this page: andyarthur (CC BY 2.0); YellowstoneNPS (Public domain); andyarthur (CC BY 2.0); andyarthur (CC BY 2.0); andyarthur (CC BY 2.0); andyarthur (CC BY 2.0).